Stove.



M. M. DILLDN.

STOVE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.2,1908.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Patented Apr. 27, 1909.

www @aan attenua? M. M. DILLON.

STOVE.

APPLIoATIoN FILED APR.2.1ooa.

Patented Apr. 27, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

amm,

j 'urn/1111111 UNITED `STATES IfarENT oEEIcE. y

MILTON M. DILLON, O1" YORK TOWNSHIP, WASHTENAW COUNTY, MICHIGAN.

STOVE.

'o all @from it may concern:

Be it knowngthat I MILTON M. DILLON, a

citizen of the United tates, residing in York township, inl` the county of Washtenaw and State of Michigan, have invented certam new and uselul Improvements In Stoves, of which the iollowm 1s a specification, reference bemv had to t e accompanying drawings.

'til/Iy 1nvent1on relates to improvements in stoves and furnaces, and more particularly to the one set forth in Patent #863,269 granted to me August 13, 1907.

l. 'The object .of the present invention is to Improve and simplify the construction ol' the f means whereby hot water may be supplied to a system of radiators for heating t. tire house.

With the above and other objects in view,

,as will hereinafter appeal', the invention consists of the novel features of construction and the coinblnatlon and arrangement of parts hereinafter 'fully described and claimed, and

' illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which Flgurc 1 t is a vertical sectional view through my improved stove Figs. 2 and 3 are horizontal sections taken res )ectively on the planes 2, 2 3, 3 in Fig. 1; `i0. 4 is a detail vertical section taken on the plane indicated by the line 4, 4 in Fig. 1;`Fi 5 is a sectional )erspective of the water liack or heater; `ig. 6 is a perspective View of one of the lining sections of the fire chamber and Fig. 7 is I. a similar view of a different form of lining section.

In the drawings 1 denotes the east base having supporting legs or feet and an ash boa;

or chamber adapted to contain an ash pan.'

At the front of t e base is an ash door 2 containing a suitable damper 3 by means of which air is supplied to the bottom of the lire as presently explained. Formed in the open'to of the base 1 is a groove to receive a cast s e114 which forms a s'ub re chamber or re pot 5 arranged above a' grate 6 and beneath an upper fire chamber 7. The shell Specification ot Letters Patent.

Application tiled Apr112, 1908.

-chaniber 5.

Patented April 27, 1909'.

serial No. 424,766.

4 has an enlarged upper portion and a contracted lower end provided with an inwardly extending flange to support the grate l which latter may be of any suitable l'orm and construction.

'lhe fire chamber 7 is of less diameter than the subiire chamber 5 and is formed by a sectional lining secured between the lower ends of inner and outer cylindrical jackets S, 9, of a fuel magazine 10 arranged iiniiiediately above and in open communication with the fire chamber 7 and the sub-lire The spaces between th(` ackets or walls 8, 9, may be llled with asbestos l l or any othermaterial that is a noii-conductor ol' heat and the outer jacket is preferably formed in two sections 9, 9b, arranged below Iand above a cast ring or annular plate 12.

and the outer jacket 9 to provide an annular' air heating space 16. The combustion chamber 14 has its lower end in o en coinmunication with the sub-'lire cham er 5 and its u per end is closed by the ring or plate 12 whic i latter is formed at suitable. points with flanged openings 1.7 to receive the lower ends ol' vertical `flues 1S the upper portions ol' which are inclined inwardly and project into flanged-openings formed in a top casting 19 containing an annular heating chamber 2() with whichfsaid llues communicate.

vAs above stated the fire chamber 7 is coniposed of a plurality of lining sections 21 preferably cast of metal,- and arranged diagonally as shown in Fig. 1. Each of said sections has one of its side edges cut away as shown at 22 so thatwhen the adjacent sections are fitted together said cut away ortions will form diagonally arranged s ots through which air may pass from the air heating chamber 16 to the. top ol' the lire as hereinafter more fully explained. Each of said lining secticns 21 has the opposite edges of its to recessed as at 23 and apertured to receive olts 24 .which secure the lower ends of the inner magazine jacket S and the outer section 9*; in said recesses. The bottom of each of the lining sections 21 is formed with Aan outwardly projecting flange 25 having an serves as a partition or wall to separate the combustion chamber 14 from the air heating chamber 16.

Instead of constructing the lining sections of the fire chamber 7 as just explained, I may make them as shown in F ig. 7 upon reference to which it will be noted that the lining section has vertical side edges so that the sections may be disposed vertically instead of obliquely and that it has a plurality of transverse openingsto permit of the passage of air from the air heating chamber 16 to the top of the fire.J

The water back or heater 15, may be of any suitable or preferred form and construction but lpreferably make it, as illustrated in Fig. 5, of an inner-cylindrical section 27 and an outer cylindrical section 28, at the top and bottom edges of which are annular flanges 29 to space the two sections apart and to close the space between said sections so as to contain water. Also formed upon the inner face of the outer section 28 is a spiral fiange or rib 30 which forms between the two sections a spiral or circuitous passage through which the water must pass in its circulation. Flow and return pipesv 31, 32,

' are tapped into the, upper and lower portions of the outer shell 28 and extend through the outer casing 13 as shown in Fig. -1. These pipes are included in a sy'stem of radiators arranged throughout the house in which the stove is used so that said Aradiators will be supplied with hot Water from the heater' 15. The water back or heater is preferably spaced from the outer jacket sect1on9 by spacing blocks 9c as shown in Fig. 1.

' The annular air heating Chamb er 1 6 extends vertically and is comparatively long or deep so that air admitted into it at its top will be Ithoroughly heated in passing downwardly through it to the obliquely arranged slots or openings 22 in the fire chamber 7. The top of the air heating space or chamber 16 1s closed. lby a raised portion 33 of the ring or plate 12 which portion has a convex upper surface and is formed at suitable points with air inlet openings 34. The passage of air throughlthe openings 34 is controlled by a damper ring 35' arranged upon theportion 33 and-adapted to be oscillated by meansof a handle 36 so that openings 38 formed in it maybe brought into-and out of alinement with the openings 34. y Y The top member or' casting 19 of the stove has a bottom plate 39 in the outer portion of which are formed flangedA openings to receive the f'lues 18 and the lnner portion of which extends over the outer part of the fuel magazine 10 and is formed with a central opening 40 through which fuel is introduced into the magazine. The edge or rim of the opening has an upwardly projecting ange 41 the upper edge of which is ground to'receive a horizontal cover plate 42 arranged for horizontal swinging movement above the plate 39 and beneath a funnel shaped casting 43 arranged in the top of the casting 19 and adapted to form an lnner wall for the annular eating chamber 20. The open top of the funnel 43 is formed with an annular groove to receive a removable cover 44. The plate or cover 42 for the top of the fuelmagazine is fixed at its lower end upon a shaft or pivot.45 mounted for rotation in the plate 39l and funnel 43 and provided at its upper end with a squared portlon 46 to receive a removable key or i wrench by means of which said pla'te 42 may be swung to cover or uncover the opening 40. The top casting 19 is secured tothe upper end of the fuel magazine by bolts or sinular fastenings 47 as illustrated. Projecting from the rear portion of the cover or top member 19 is a. pipe 48 which leads to the chimney.

. In operation the air passes through the damper ring 35 into the air heating space-16 'j A' and, in its downward passage, through the same t`o the slots or openings 22 is heated. Owing to the circumferential arrangement of the a1r inlet openings or slots 22 around the lining of the re chamber 7 the draft of air will be admitted in a downward and central direction and also in a spiral direction around the fuel in said chamber, the air being in a heated condition uniting with the gases escaping from the fuel and thereby causing a blast of burning gas which if allowed to follow its natural tendencies would roceed to ascend u wardly and, after reaching a point sufficient y cool, While passing out through the smoke pipe and chimney would condense back into soot and'lodge but, owing to the peculiar construction of the invention, it 'ngers until the heated air and gas has sufiiciently mingled and becomel ignited to form a blast of burning gas which in following the line .of least resistance, passes downwardly and circumferentially around the fire chamber until it is met' by the air blast proceeding noyance. Thus it will be se'en that there are two different stages of combustion going on separately and continuously in the stove; in the first instance, the gases and bituminous matter are liberated and burned out of the fuel in the .lire chamber, and in the second instance as the fuel settles to the sub-fire chaniber or tire pot the process of combustion is completed under the influence ol the upward draft through the grate, it being understood that the entire vmass of fuel in the iire chainber and sub-tire chamber or fire pot is under the process of combustion at the saine time. '.lhe provision of the water back enables me to provide hot waterfor a system of radiators so that the entire house may be heated b v the stove.

While l have shown and described in detail the preferred embodiment of my invention it will be understood that 1 do not wish to be limited to the precise construction set forth, and that various changes in the form, proportion, and minor details, ma be resorted to without departing from t ie spirit or sacriiicing any of the. advantages of the invention. l

llaving thus described my invention what l claim is:

1. A stove. of the cliaractei described, comprising a fuel magazine, a lire chamber and a sub-lire, chamber or fire potarranged one above the other and in open (-.ommunicaf tion, the tire chamber being provided in its wall with air inlet openings, an annular combustion chamber surrounding the ire chambei' and having its lower end in open com- --miinication with the ire pot, an annular water back or heater arranged within the coiiibnstion chamber and spaced from the 'lire chamber and the fuel magazine. to form a vertically disposed annular air heating space or chamber the. lower end of which is in com- .iiuiiiication with the openings in the iire chamber, and means for controlling the inlet of air at the top of said air heating space. or chamber.

2. A stove of the character described, comprising a fuel magazine, a iii-e. chamber and a sub-fire chamber or lire pot arranged one above the other yand in open communication, the lire chamber being provided in its wall with air inlet openings, an annular combustion chamber surround-ing the lire chamber and having its lower end in open communication with the lire pot, an annular water back or heater arranged in the combustion chamber and spaced from the lire chamber to provide an ,annular anl heat-ing space, a ring or plate surrounding the magazineand closing the top of the combustion chamberand said air space, said ring or plate being "formed with openings, means for controlling theinlet ol' air into said air space, a cover member upon the top of the magazine and containing an annular heating chamber and a central fuel inlet passage, lues alording communication between the top of the combustion chamber and said heating cham- -water back or'heater arranged between said outercasing and the inner cylinder and adapted to provide an annular combustion chamber and an annular air heating chamber, said wateiback or heater having its lower end supported by the iire chamber. lining, means for controlling the inlet of air to the upper end of the air space, Ya cover member arranged upon the top of the fuel magazine and having an annular heating chamber and a central fuel inlet passa e, a cover 'for the latter, and lues arrange between said ring or plate and the said cover member and affording communication with the combustion chamber and the heating chamber, substantially as described.

4. A stove of the character described, comprising a fuel magazine, a lire chamber, and a sub-lire. chamber or ire pot beneath the same and in open communication therewith, an outer casing, an annular water back arranged within saiilouter casing and adapted to provide. between it and the latter anannular combustion chamber iii open communication with the lire pot, said water back consisting of spaced outer and inner sections,

)ottoni of the shell, an outer cylindrical on one section of which is formed a s iiral rib l to .provide a spiral water passage etween the sections, and llow and return pipes in communication with the opposite ends of said siii-al water passage and projecting tliroug i the. outer casing, a cover member upon the top of the magazine, and having a bottom plate formed with a central opening and a funnel sha )ed partition surrounding said opening and having its upper edge placed above the saine, said partition forming in the cover member an annular heating` chamber, a vertical pivot,.a top plate fixe( to said pivot for swinging movement beneath, said funnel shaped partition and over the. o iening in said bottom plate, and fines afl'ori ing communication between the combustion chamber and said heating chamber.

5u A stove of the character described comprising a fuel magazine, a fire chamber and a sub-fire chamber or fire pot arranged one above the other and 'in open communicationthey lire chamber being provided in its wall with air inlet openings, an annular combimtion chamber surrounding the fire chamber and having its lower end ln open communication with the fire pot, a vertically disposed annular heating chamber between the fire chamber and the combustion chamber and having its lower end in communication with the fire chamber, a water heating apparatus in the combustion chamber, and means for controlling the inlet of air at the top of saidl heating chamber.

6. A stove of the character described com- -prisiiw a fuel magazine, a fire chamber and a sub-rire chamber arranged one above the other in open communication, an annular combustion chamber surrounding the fire chamber and having its lower endin open communication with the fire pot, an air heating chamber arranged between the combusr tion chamber and the fire chamber, means for creating a down draft through the air heatin chamber, means for'creating an up draft t rough the sub-fire chamber, and an annular water back or heater forming the inner wall of the annular combustion chamber.

7 A stove of the character described comprising a fuel magazine, a fire chamber and a sub-fire chamber arranged one above the other in open communication, anv annular combustion chamber surrounding the ire chamber and having its lower end in open communication with the fire pot, an air heating chamber arranged between the combustion chamber and the frire chamber, means for creating a down draft through the air heating chamber, means for creating an up draft through the subdire chamber, a Water heatingapparatus in the combustion chamber and outlet Hues rising from the upper portion of thecombus'tion chamber.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

MILTON M. DILLON. 

